Solar Panel: what is it, how much does it cost and how does it work?

(Alex Alcantara / CASACOR)

Solar panels are the main means of producing photovoltaic energy . In Brazil, they are quite advantageous, since most states have a sunny climate , perfect for energy production. Contrary to the great economic recession that caused many companies to close, this segment only grew in 2020. The 70% jump in the year in solar generation installations in Brazil caught the attention of companies around the world, and increased the production capacity of this type. of energy in almost half of what is produced by the Itaipu hydroelectric plant . With such optimistic numbers for a form of clean energy, the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) promised an investment of R$60 billion by 2027 for the sector. There is no doubt that photovoltaic installations are generally being valued, but do you know that talk that change can start at home? Well then! CASACOR architects are very concerned about the environment, and this is reflected in a selection of projects that invest in solar panels. Next, we will understand in more depth what a solar panel is and how it can be incorporated into a more modern and responsible architectural project !

What are solar panels?

(Alex Alcantara / CASACOR)

A solar panel is a robust piece of equipment whose function is to capture the sun's rays and transform them into electrical energy . This makes it possible to supply electricity to homes, commercial establishments and manufacturing environments. It is considered an important (and affordable) piece of equipment these days to achieve more sustainable solutions, after all, photovoltaic energy is a type of renewable energy . Investing in a solar panel is synonymous with saving resources, and in the long term, it can financially compensate people or companies. The solar panel 's operation is guaranteed thanks to a phenomenon called the "photovoltaic effect" , which is precisely what guarantees the transformation of solar energy into electrical energy (we will explain in detail how this process occurs later) . Composed of robust and highly resistant materials, the solar panel can have a long useful life . It is composed of a special glass panel that houses the photovoltaic cells , and the frame that joins these elements is made of aluminum - which means that it is a product already designed to meet the most adverse climate changes , perfect for sustainable constructions .

What are photovoltaic cells?

(Alex Alcantara / CASACOR)

Photovoltaic cells are mechanisms that make up the solar panel and convert electrical energy inside the panels. The cells are made up of 30, 60 or 72 pieces (depending on the level of complexity) - that is, they are the most important modules. in the composition of the final equipment. They work based on the photoelectric effect. The cell is formed from the union of positive and negative poles. In practical terms, when sunlight hits this structure, a current is generated, which channels and transforms electrical energy in the panel and takes it to the final destination.

How do solar panels work?

You can already see that the entire system that involves converting energy inside the solar panel is quite complex, right? But the process happens smoothly, without the need for human interference.

Even though they have the same capabilities, there is no single model of solar panel available on the market. They are powerful devices with different complexities, so we have brought here two of the main types. Check it out! Monocrystalline solar panel Although it is the oldest type of panel, it is also the most efficient (ranging from 15% to 22%). This means that they require less space to generate the same amount of electrical energy. Polycrystalline solar panel Incorporated into the market since the 1980s, this type of panel is usually cheaper and more sustainable. Its useful life can exceed 30 years.

How much energy does a solar panel generate?

The calculation of energy generation that a solar panel can generate will vary depending on several aspects, such as the power of the panel, size of the installation area, climatic factors and shading. In this scenario, it is worth remembering that those who invest in solar panels have access to a more rationed supply of energy , which only uses what is necessary and accumulates the remaining energy so that during prohibitive periods - such as rainy days or winter - residents are not impacted. Solar energy panels are capable of producing 200 Wp , which generates around 800 to 1300 Wh per day (8 hours per day). Of course, this is an average capacity of how far the solar panel can reach, and reinforces the reason to consult an architect specialized in installation to identify the best model for your company or residence. Some panels can store more energy in less space, while others require a larger area. All of this must be considered before incorporating the panel into the roof.

How much does a solar panel cost?

(Alex Alcantara / CASACOR)

Solar panels are not usually sold separately , but rather incorporated into an entire photovoltaic panel. Everything will depend on the model, size and efficiency of the panel. On average, they can range from R$500 to R$900 . To identify the best panel for your establishment , it is important to have professional help. We know that there are many tips on the internet about how to install solar panels , however, messing with the electrical part can be a big challenge and even dangerous. Counting on the help of architects is a safer way to ensure that the process is carried out efficiently and will bear good fruit in the long term. Discover this and other sustainable practices on CASACOR's Instagram: @casacor_sustentavel